Bismillahir Rahmani Rahim, today’s topic is Tayammum: its meaning, steps, how to do It, conditions, and what can be used for It.
Tayammum meaning
Tayammum means ‘to resolve’. The Islamic method of attaining purity with soil instead of ablution or bathing when water is unavailable is called ‘Tayammum’. This is one of Allah’s special favors for the Muslim Ummah, which has not been given to any Ummah before.
Fiqhs Sunnah 1/59.
Almighty Allah says:
And if you are afflicted, or are on a journey, or come from the toilet, or have touched a woman, and then do not get water, then perform tayammum with holy earth and rub your faces and hands with it.
Maeda 5/6, Nisa 4/43.
How to do Tayammum?
To achieve purity, say ‘Bismillah’, put both hands on the ground, and blow into the hands. then wipe on the face and wrists once with your hands.
Muttafaq ‘Alaih, Tirmidhi, Ibn Majah etc. Mishkat Ha/402 ‘Sacredness’ Chapter-3, Paragraph-4; Abu Dawud Ha/101-02; Muttafaq ‘Alaih, Mishkat Ha/528 ‘Tayammum’ paragraph-10.
The hadith of touching the hands twice and Maseh up to the elbows is Zaif.
Abu Dawud Ha/330, para-124; That, Mishkat Ha/466 ‘Sacredness’ Chapter-3, Paragraph-6.
Tayammum steps
Tayammum has two steps. Namely:
1. To decide
2. Saying ‘Bismillah’, putting both hands on the ground, and blowing into the hands. Then wipe the face and wrists once with the hands.
Conditions of Tayammum
(1) If fresh water is not available
(2) If there is a fear of breaking the prayer while going to get water
(3) If there is a danger of disease in using water
(4) If there is any danger or danger to life etc.
Given the above reasons, ‘Tayammum’ can be performed continuously for a long time instead of ablution or an obligatory bath.
Maeda 5/6; Muttafaq ‘Alaih, Mishkat Ha/527 ‘Purity’ Chapter-3, ‘Tayammum’ Chapter-10; Bukhari Ha/344, 1/49 p.; Ahmad, Tirmidhi etc. Mishkat Ha/530.
The Prophet (PHUB) said,
Surely the holy ground is a means of ablution for Muslims. However, he has not had water for 10 years.
Ahmad, Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud, Nasa’i, Mishkat Ha/530, ‘Tayammum’ paragraph-10.
What can be used for Tayammum?
In the Arabic term ‘Mati’ means the surface of the earth. The soil in Arab countries is mostly rocky and sandy. In various journeys, the Prophet (PBUH) and his Companions used to cross long distances through sandy deserts. They suffered great water hardship in the desert, especially during the journey to the battle of Tabuk in October 630 AD according to Rajab 9 Hijri, about 750 km from Madinah. But it is unknown that soil was carried from far away for ‘Tayammum’. Therefore ‘Tayammum’ can be performed with surface soil, sand or rocky soil, etc. However, ‘Tayammum’ is not permissible with dust-free transparent stone, wood, coal, iron, mosaic, plaster, tiles, lime, etc.
knowledge
(1) If water is found within the time after offering the ‘Tayammum’ prayer, it is unnecessary to offer that prayer again.
Abu Dawud, Nasa’i, Daremi, Mishkat ha/533; Abu Dawud ha/338.
(2) What can be done through ablution can be done through Tayammum. In the same way, Tayammum is broken for reasons that fail Wudhu.
(3) If no soil or water is available, perform Salat without ablution.
Bukhari ha/336; Muttafaq ‘Alaih and others; Naylul Awtar 1/400, paragraph ‘Salat without water and soil’.
